Artificial sweeteners linked to obesity, diabetes in study

gonzo194 · 2018-04-25 21:24:17 UTC

I thought I’d share this link I found.

IceNine · 2018-04-25 23:30:44 UTC

Another rat study. groan

Keto6468 · 2018-04-26 00:12:51 UTC

Again with rats. These are in vivo, but some people do react to sweetners!

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Effect of the artificial sweetener, sucralose, on gastric emptying and incretin hormone release in healthy subjects.

J Ma, M Bellon, JM Wishart, R Young, LA Blackshaw, KL Jones, M Horowitz and CK Rayner, American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, Apr 2009

The incretin hormones, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), play an important role in glucose homeostasis in both health and diabetes. In mice, sucralose, an artificial sweetener, stimulates GLP-1 release via sweet taste receptors on enteroendocrine cells. We studied blood glucose, plasma levels of insulin, GLP-1, and GIP, and gastric emptying (by a breath test) in 7 healthy humans after intragastric infusions of 1) 50 g sucrose in water to a total volume of 500 ml (approximately 290 mosmol/l), 2) 80 mg sucralose in 500 ml normal saline (approximately 300 mosmol/l, 0.4 mM sucralose), 3) 800 mg sucralose in 500 ml normal saline (approximately 300 mosmol/l, 4 mM sucralose), and 4) 500 ml normal saline (approximately 300 mosmol/l), all labeled with 150 mg 13C-acetate. Blood glucose increased only in response to sucrose (P<0.05). GLP-1, GIP, and insulin also increased after sucrose (P=0.0001) but not after either load of sucralose or saline. Gastric emptying of sucrose was slower than that of saline (t50: 87.4+/-4.1 min vs. 74.7+/-3.2 min, P<0.005), whereas there were no differences in t50 between sucralose 0.4 mM (73.7+/-3.1 min) or 4 mM (76.7+/-3.1 min) and saline. We conclude that sucralose, delivered by intragastric infusion, does not stimulate insulin, GLP-1, or GIP release or slow gastric emptying in healthy humans.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Effects of oral ingestion of sucralose on gut hormone response and appetite in healthy normal-weight subjects.

HE Ford, V Peters, NM Martin, ML Sleeth, MA Ghatei, GS Frost and SR Bloom, European journal of clinical nutrition, Apr 2011

The sweet-taste receptor (T1r2+T1r3) is expressed by enteroendocrine L-cells throughout the gastrointestinal tract. Application of sucralose (a non-calorific, non-metabolisable sweetener) to L-cells in vitro stimulates glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 secretion, an effect that is inhibited with co-administration of a T1r2+T1r3 inhibitor. We conducted a randomised, single-blinded, crossover study in eight healthy subjects to investigate whether oral ingestion of sucralose could stimulate L-cell-derived GLP-1 and peptide YY (PYY) release in vivo.Fasted subjects were studied on 4 study days in random order. Subjects consumed 50 ml of either water, sucralose (0.083% w/v), a non-sweet, glucose-polymer matched for sweetness with sucralose addition (50% w/v maltodextrin+0.083% sucralose) or a modified sham-feeding protocol (MSF=oral stimulation) of sucralose (0.083% w/v). Appetite ratings and plasma GLP-1, PYY, insulin and glucose were measured at regular time points for 120 min. At 120 min, energy intake at a buffet meal was measured.Sucralose ingestion did not increase plasma GLP-1 or PYY. MSF of sucralose did not elicit a cephalic phase response for insulin or GLP-1. Maltodextrin ingestion significantly increased insulin and glucose compared with water (P<0.001). Appetite ratings and energy intake were similar for all groups.At this dose, oral ingestion of sucralose does not increase plasma GLP-1 or PYY concentrations and hence, does not reduce appetite in healthy subjects. Oral stimulation with sucralose had no effect on GLP-1, insulin or appetite.

K

PaulL · 2018-04-26 15:31:49 UTC

It’s certainly plausible, because we know from experience that there are always at least some people who react with an insulin spike to each non-nutritive sweetener. And a lot of sugar-addicts find that their cravings are exacerbated by the sweet taste, which doesn’t help them keep away from carbs. The problem with these rat studies is that researchers are altogether too ready to generalize from them to human beings, without doing the actual research to confirm that people do indeed react the same way.

Alley · 2018-04-26 23:04:49 UTC

we don’t need a sweetener so no big deal. I like bitter,