This news report is on a meta-analysis showing that Vit D/Calcium supplements do not aid strong bones/joints - and that Vit D may even increase fractures! They don’t seem to specify Vit D2 vs. D3, or whole foods calcium (such as coral calcium or bone meal) though.
It does make me all the more thankful for the natural body recomposition of LCHF/ketogenic living - as well as the benefits of weekly, brief, weight-bearing strength training when one is at the right stage of fat loss and stress management to do so. LCHF/keto utilizing good fats and power foods strikes me as a win-win in a big way. Collagen/bone broth, regular liver via capsules or raw frozen homemade pills, plus things like fermented foods.
Important, massive sidenote:
Melanin enhances the body’s production & processing of Vit D - and the pineal gland is involved in melatonin production. So, for pale skinned people, I think it’s important to not just spend time in the sun, but to actually look at the rising sun for a few seconds with eyes open if you’re an early bird - or - at some point in the day close the eyes and look at the strong sun through the eyelids and let the light in to stimulate the pineal gland for a minute or two (plus, it’s very enjoyable and banishes gloom). Am not a huge fan of Dr. Mercola but he has an older article on how this combined with fasting is especially potent - which is really interesting. Personally, I try to get in a closed-eyes sunbath for a few minutes a day both on and off IF - but weather and work schedules can interfere with it quite a lot!
This was apparently an ancient practice among indigenous/peasant white people in the northern hemisphere that goes back to the origins of humanity and got lost with colonization and/or urbanization. Lack of this apparently explains how some white people who work outside or exercise a lot outside can still have low blood levels of Vit D - because the pineal gland is not actually getting much stimulation via the pupils if one is wearing sunglasses or even if one isn’t but is not having a couple minutes a day of soaking the sun in through closed eyes.
I don’t think it’s a coincidence that in modern Caucasians calcified pineal is visualized in about 50% of adult skull radiographs after the age of 40 years (Wurtman et al, 1964); other scholars argue that Caucasians, in general, may have rates of pineal gland calcification as high as 60-80% (King, 2001) which in turn has deleterious effects on Vit D levels.
Anyway… when you think of all the money spent and hassle and anxiety around nutrition depletion and taking these supplements to prevent fractures - this is quite money saving. Also, super slow/slow burn weight lifting just once a week has amazing strength development and joint protection capacities for midlife people and elders. Doug McGuff MD reports on amazing studies of elder muscular-skeletal revitalization in the book Body By Science.